The verb be as a main verb in the Present Simple and the Past Simple
1. The verb be as a main verb in the Present Simple
1.1. Affirmative sentences
| Long forms | Contracted forms |
|---|---|
| I am from Germany. | I‘m from Germany. |
| You are my friend. | You‘re my friend. |
| She is my sister. | She‘s my sister. |
| He is 21. | He‘s 21. |
| It is hot. | It‘s hot. |
| We are happy. | We‘re happy. |
| You are my friends. | You‘re my friends. |
| They are angry. | They‘re angry. |
1.2. Negative sentences
| Long forms | Contracted forms |
|---|---|
| I am not from Germany. | I‘m not from Germany. |
| You are not my friend. | You‘re not my friend. |
| You aren’t my friend. | |
| She is not my sister. | She‘s not my sister. |
| She isn’t my sister. | |
| He is not 21. | He‘s not 21. |
| He isn’t 21. | |
| It is not hot. | It‘s not hot. |
| It isn’t hot. | |
| We are not happy. | We‘re not happy. |
| We aren’t happy. | |
| You are not my friends. | You‘re not my friends. |
| You aren’t friends. | |
| They are not angry. | You‘re not angry. |
| You aren’t angry. |
2. The verb be as a main verb in the Past Simple
2.1. Affirmative sentences
| Long forms | Contracted forms |
|---|---|
| I was happy. | not possible |
| You were my friend. | |
| She was angry. | |
| He was my doctor. | |
| It was hot. | |
| We were sleepy. | |
| You were in school. | |
| They were sad. |
2.2. Negative sentences
| Long forms | Contracted forms |
|---|---|
| I was not happy. | I wasn’t happy. |
| You were not my friend. | You weren’t my friend. |
| She was not angry. | She wasn’t angry. |
| He was not my doctor. | He wasn’t my doctor. |
| It was not hot. | It wasn’t hot. |
| We were not sleepy. | We weren’t sleepy. |
| You were not in school. | You weren’t in school. |
| They were not sad. | They weren’t sad. |